系统常用配置

Linux相关

Ubuntu 18.04 sudo特别慢

sudo速度非常慢，提交命令之后大概需要10秒左右才有输入sudo密码或者开始运行。su命令症状相同。

原因：Ubuntu Server被设计成一种类似于分布式的操作系统网结构，允许/etc/sudoers中的成员不在本机上。从而sudo时会先从网络上寻找可能的sudoer然后才是本地. 而这10s左右的时间就是整个DNS流程的最长时间.

解决方案：首先输入hostname，得到本机当前的互联网名称

niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ hostname
niuxinli-linux

然后sudo打开/etc/hosts，添加一行：

127.0.0.1	niuxinli-linux	niuxinli-linux.localdomain

问题即可解决。

Ubuntu 18.04修改源

把/etc/apt/source.list文件替换成下面

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

然后apt-get update。

Ubuntu 18.04 配置静态IP

ubuntu18.04使用netplan设置网络，使用yaml配置文件。

niuxinli@niuxinli:~$ cat /etc/netplan/50-cloud-init.yaml 
# This file is generated from information provided by
# the datasource.  Changes to it will not persist across an instance.
# To disable cloud-init's network configuration capabilities, write a file
# /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-disable-network-config.cfg with the following:
# network: {config: disabled}
network:
    ethernets:
        ens33:
            dhcp4: true
    version: 2

修改成

network:
    ethernets:
        ens33:
            addresses: [192.168.174.50/24]
            gateway4: 192.168.174.2
            nameservers: 
                addresses: [8.8.8.8, 192.168.174.2, 114.114.114.114]            
    version: 2

然后更新

sudo netplan apply

这时候看一下IP地址是192.168.174.50了，ping百度可以通。

Ubuntu 18.04 修改hostname

修改主机名通过/etc/hostname，下面是master结点。

niuxinli@niuxinli:~$ cat /etc/hostname 
kube-master1

注意，ubuntu18.04还需要修改 /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg ，把 preserve_hostname这个配置改成true，否则每次重启都会恢复原来的hostname。

k8s@k8s:~$ cat /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg

...
# This will cause the set+update hostname module to not operate (if true)
preserve_hostname: false ####改成true
...

Ubuntu 18.04 配置MySql

安装

sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client

安装完成后会默认生成一个密码

niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ sudo cat /etc/mysql/debian.cnf 
# Automatically generated for Debian scripts. DO NOT TOUCH!
[client]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = O1yxPU1wturMS0EI
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
[mysql_upgrade]
host     = localhost
user     = debian-sys-maint
password = O1yxPU1wturMS0EI
socket   = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock

用这个用户名和密码登录，然后修改root密码为123456

niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ mysql -u debian-sys-maint -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.7.30-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> use mysql;
mysql> update mysql.user set authentication_string=password('123456') where user='root' and Host ='localhost';   
mysql> update user set  plugin="mysql_native_password"; 
mysql> flush privileges;
mysql> quit;

重启mysql

sudo service mysql restart

利用root登录，然后创建一个普通用户

niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 2
Server version: 5.7.30-0ubuntu0.18.04.1 (Ubuntu)

Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> create user niuxinli identified by '123456';
mysql> grant all on niuxinli.* to 'niuxinli'@'%';
mysql> flush privileges;

允许远程连接

niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ sudo vi /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/mysqld.cnf

把下面这句注释掉

#bind-address           = 127.0.0.1

重启。

Ubuntu 18.04 安装RabbitMQ

安装，查看状态

sudo apt-get install rabbitmq-server
sudo rabbitmqctl status

添加账户并赋予权限

niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ sudo rabbitmqctl add_user  admin  admin  
Creating user "admin"
niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ sudo rabbitmqctl set_user_tags admin administrator
Setting tags for user "admin" to [administrator]
niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ sudo rabbitmqctl  set_permissions -p / admin '.*' '.*' '.*'
Setting permissions for user "admin" in vhost "/"

启动web管理界面，需要先到/etc/rabbitmq/下

niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:~$ cd /etc/rabbitmq/
niuxinli@niuxinli-linux:/etc/rabbitmq$ sudo  rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
The following plugins have been enabled:
  amqp_client
  cowlib
  cowboy
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_management

Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@niuxinli-linux... started 6 plugins.

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